British Khedive's Star ( Egypt )This is a Key Medal for British Collection 9.

Description

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Khedive's Star
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Khedive's Star
Khedive's Star: obverse and reverse
Type
Campaign medal
Presented by
the
Khedivate of Egypt
Eligibility
Egyptian, British and Indian forces.
Campaign(s)
Anglo-Egyptian War
Mahdist War
Established
1882
Last awarded
1891
Ribbon bar of the medal
Related
Egypt Medal
Khedive's Sudan Medal (1897)
Khedive's Sudan Medal (1910)
The
Khedive's Star
was a campaign medal established by
Khedive
Tewfik Pasha
to reward those who had participated in the military campaigns in Egypt and the Sudan between 1882 and 1891. This included
British forces
who served during the
1882 Anglo-Egyptian War
and the subsequent
Mahdist War
, who received both the British
Egypt Medal
and the Khedive's Star. Cast in bronze and lacquered, it is also known as the
Khedive's Bronze Star
.
[1]
Contents
1
History
2
Description
2.1
Different versions
3
References
3.1
Bibliography
History
[
edit
]
After the outbreak of the Anglo-Egyptian War in 1882, the United Kingdom met with opposition from
Ahmed ‘Urabi
a nationalist and supporter of Egyptian independence. The British success in the war strengthened the position of the
Khedive
of Egypt,
Tewfik Pasha
, a supporter of the British government,
[2]
who decided to reward all British and Indian Army soldiers who took part in the campaign and who had received the British
Egypt Medal
.
[3]
Permission was granted to wear the star in uniform.
[1]
The award of the Star was extended to the subsequent
Mahdist War
in the Sudan until 1891. When the
reconquest of the Sudan
recommenced in 1896, the Khedive authorised a new
campaign medal
.
[4]
The Khedive also made a small number of awards of the Star to Egyptian civilians for non-military service.
[5]
Description
[
edit
]
The medal consists of a five-pointed bronze star darkened by means of lacquer. On the obverse, the centre of the star shows an image of the sphinx with the pyramids in the background, all within a ring bearing the word "EGYPT" and the appropriate date, above the corresponding Arabic inscription. The reverse has the monogram of
Tawfiq Pasha
, crowned. The suspension bar for the dark blue ribbon bears a crescent and a star. Issued unnamed, some recipients arranged privately for their details to be engraved on the reverse.
[6]
The medal was manufactured by Henry Jenkins and Sons of Birmingham,
[7]
who also made the
Kabul to Kandahar Star
of 1880.
[8]
Different versions
[
edit
]
There are four variations of the star that correspond to the different campaigns with only one star, the earliest qualified for, awarded to each recipient:
[9]
Dated 1882: for service in support of the Khedive in the
1882 Anglo-Egyptian War
.
For service in the Sudan during the
Mahdist War
:
Dated 1884: operations between 19 February and 26 March 1884, relating to the first
Suakin Expedition
.
Dated 1884-6: operations from 26 March 1884 to 7 October 1886, including the
Nile expedition
to relieve
General Gordon
besieged at
Khartoum
and for the 1885 operations near
Suakin
.
Undated: operations from 1887 to 1891, mainly near Suakin and along the Nile.
In addition, a clasp inscribed Tokar in Arabic only (توكار) was awarded to those present at the action at
Tokar
on 19 February 1891. This was fitted to the Star already held or, for new recipients, awarded with an undated Star.
[10]
The Tokar clasp
For British forces, the Star is always accompanied by the
Egypt Medal
, with the exception of service at Tokar in 1891, where the Egypt Medal was not awarded.
[9]